An assessment of language endangerment and its socio-cultural consequences in Esan Central Local Government Area, Edo State
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Background of the Study
Language endangerment poses significant challenges to the preservation of cultural heritage in Esan Central. As globalization intensifies, indigenous languages face declining usage, leading to the erosion of traditional knowledge systems and cultural identity (Oma, 2023). In Esan Central, the intergenerational transmission of native languages is increasingly disrupted by urban migration, educational policies favoring dominant languages, and technological influences (Ighodaro, 2024). This trend not only undermines linguistic diversity but also affects social cohesion and cultural continuity. The socio-cultural consequences include loss of folklore, diminished community pride, and weakened cultural memory (Onwu, 2025). By assessing the factors contributing to language endangerment, this study aims to document the current status of indigenous languages and explore their role in maintaining cultural traditions. It further investigates the social implications of language loss and the potential of revitalization programs in fostering cultural resilience and sustainable development.
Statement of the Problem
Indigenous languages in Esan Central are rapidly declining, threatening cultural continuity and social identity. The shift towards dominant languages in formal education and media has marginalized native tongues, leading to a loss of traditional narratives and cultural practices. This situation creates a gap in the intergenerational transmission of cultural heritage and hinders community cohesion. Despite its critical implications, there is limited research on the socio-cultural consequences of language endangerment in this area. This study aims to address this gap by examining the impact of language loss on the community and exploring strategies for language revitalization (Onwu, 2025).
Objectives of the Study:
- To assess the extent of language endangerment in Esan Central.
- To examine the socio-cultural consequences of declining indigenous language usage.
- To propose strategies for revitalizing endangered languages.
Research Questions:
- What factors contribute to language endangerment in Esan Central?
- How does the decline of indigenous languages affect socio-cultural practices?
- What measures can be implemented to revitalize endangered languages?
Research Hypotheses:
- Language endangerment significantly disrupts cultural identity.
- Socio-cultural practices are adversely affected by the decline of indigenous languages.
- Community-based revitalization programs can effectively reverse language loss.
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it documents the socio-cultural impact of language endangerment in Esan Central. The findings will aid policymakers, educators, and cultural leaders in developing targeted language revitalization programs. Such initiatives are essential for preserving indigenous heritage and fostering community resilience against cultural homogenization (Ighodaro, 2024).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
This study is limited to investigating language endangerment and its socio-cultural consequences in Esan Central Local Government Area. It does not cover language issues outside this geographical context.
Definitions of Terms:
- Language Endangerment: The process by which a language loses speakers and becomes at risk of extinction.
- Socio-Cultural Consequences: The effects on social practices, cultural traditions, and community identity.
- Revitalization: Efforts aimed at restoring and promoting the use of endangered languages.
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